小学三年级英语词汇表：100词中英双语

小学三年级英语必背单词表？先说清楚：没有官方“必背100词”

很多家长会搜索“小学三年级英语必背单词表”。这个搜索意图很合理：家长想知道孩子到了 Primary 3 应该掌握什么词汇。但是，新加坡教育部（MOE）的英语课程并没有规定下面这 100 个词是官方必须背诵的名单，也没有一个全国统一的“P3 必背 100 词”表。

所以这页的定位很明确：这是 eduKate 为华语家庭整理的中英双语词汇入口。中文帮助孩子快速进入概念；真正的目标仍然是用英语理解、辨析、阅读、说话和写作。

最重要的学习原则：中文释义只是入口，不是终点。一个英文词通常不能永远用一个中文词一对一替代。孩子还需要学习英文里的语境、搭配、近义词边界、词族和实际用法。

本页的 100 个词与完整的 Primary 3 Vocabulary Coverage & Diagnostic Map、P3 Intermediate 100 和 P3 Advanced 100 相连接。这里负责双语理解入口；英文页面负责更深的 Fencing、词族、检索和迁移训练。

小学三年级英语词汇表：100个高效词汇

1–25：情绪、人物与社交 | Feelings, Character & Social Language

#	Word	中文入口	Simple English meaning	Example
1	eager	渴望的；迫不及待的	very ready and excited to do something	Jia was eager to begin the experiment.
2	anxious	焦虑的；担心的	worried about what may happen	He felt anxious before the competition.
3	uneasy	不安的	slightly worried because something does not feel right	The unusual silence made Mira uneasy.
4	startled	受惊的；突然吓一跳的	suddenly surprised and made to react	The loud crash startled everyone.
5	relieved	如释重负的	calmer because a worry or difficulty has ended	We were relieved when the missing bag was found.
6	reluctant	不情愿的	not willing or eager to do something	Sam was reluctant to lend his favourite book.
7	confident	有信心的	reasonably sure of your ability or judgement	She felt confident after practising the speech.
8	patient	有耐心的	able to wait or continue without becoming upset	The tutor was patient while the pupil tried again.
9	determined	下定决心的	firmly decided to keep working toward a goal	He was determined to finish the difficult puzzle.
10	resilient	有韧性的；能恢复的	able to recover and continue after difficulty	The resilient team learned from its first loss.
11	diligent	勤奋而认真的	steady and careful in doing work	Mei was diligent and checked every answer.
12	responsible	负责任的	trusted to do what should be done	A responsible pupil returns shared materials.
13	dependable	可靠的；可依赖的	able to be counted on	Arun was dependable and arrived on time.
14	considerate	体贴的	thinking about how your actions affect others	It was considerate to lower the volume.
15	compassionate	有同情心并愿意帮助的	concerned about suffering and wanting to help	The children gave a compassionate response to the injured bird.
16	supportive	支持的；给予帮助的	giving useful help or encouragement	Her friend was supportive after the setback.
17	courteous	有礼貌的	politely respectful in social interaction	The receptionist was courteous to every visitor.
18	sincere	真诚的	genuinely meaning what you say or do	He gave a sincere apology.
19	humble	谦逊的	not treating yourself as more important than others	She remained humble after winning.
20	arrogant	傲慢的	acting as if you are better than other people	His arrogant remark ignored everyone else’s ideas.
21	generous	慷慨的	willing to give or share freely	She was generous with her time and materials.
22	cooperative	合作的	willing to work with others toward a shared goal	The cooperative group shared the tasks fairly.
23	independent	能独立完成的	able to work or decide without constant help	He completed the next section independently.
24	cautious	谨慎的	careful to avoid unnecessary risk	The hikers were cautious on the wet steps.
25	resourceful	善于想办法的	good at finding useful ways around difficulties	The resourceful team found another way to join the pieces.

26–50：动作、观察与描写 | Action, Observation & Description

#	Word	中文入口	Simple English meaning	Example
26	approach	靠近；处理方法	move nearer to something, or a way of dealing with it	We approached the nervous cat slowly.
27	emerge	出现；显现	come out or gradually become clear	A pattern emerged from the results.
28	linger	逗留；迟迟不散	stay or continue longer than expected	The smell of bread lingered in the kitchen.
29	drift	漂动	move slowly with little control	The paper boat drifted across the pond.
30	scramble	匆忙攀爬	move quickly and awkwardly, often over difficult ground	We scrambled up the muddy slope.
31	plunge	猛地落下；冲入	move suddenly and steeply downward or into something	The stone plunged into the water.
32	dodge	闪避	move quickly aside to avoid something	He dodged the rolling ball.
33	clutch	紧紧抓住	hold something tightly	The child clutched the railing.
34	inspect	仔细检查	look carefully for a purpose	We inspected the leaf for tiny holes.
35	glimpse	瞥见	see something very briefly	I caught a glimpse of the bird.
36	gaze	凝视	look steadily for some time	We gazed at the stars.
37	glare	怒视；刺眼强光	look angrily, or shine with harsh light	He glared at the boy who kicked his chair.
38	mutter	低声咕哝	speak in a low, unclear voice	“This is taking forever,” she muttered.
39	exclaim	惊呼	speak suddenly and strongly because of emotion	“Look at the rainbow!” Noah exclaimed.
40	vivid	生动鲜明的	very clear, strong and detailed	The writer gave a vivid description of the market.
41	intricate	复杂精细的	having many small connected details	We admired the intricate pattern.
42	rugged	崎岖的	rough and uneven, especially land	The path became rugged and rocky.
43	deserted	空无一人的	empty because people have left	The street looked deserted at dawn.
44	concealed	隐藏的	hidden so it is difficult to notice	The key was concealed beneath the box.
45	crowded	拥挤的	filled with so many people or things that space is limited	The platform became crowded.
46	murky	浑浊的；不清楚的	dark, dirty or unclear	The pond water was murky.
47	fragrant	芳香的	having a pleasant noticeable smell	The fragrant jasmine filled the garden.
48	deafening	震耳欲聋的	extremely loud	A deafening cheer rose from the crowd.
49	radiant	光彩照人的；容光焕发的	shining brightly or showing great happiness	She had a radiant smile.
50	dazzling	耀眼的；令人惊叹的	extremely bright or impressive	The dancers wore dazzling costumes.

51–75：阅读、思考与证据 | Reading, Thinking & Evidence

#	Word	中文入口	Simple English meaning	Example
51	compare	比较相同点	look for meaningful similarities	Compare the two characters’ goals.
52	contrast	对比不同点	identify important differences	Contrast the two endings.
53	describe	描述	give details about what something is like	Describe the setting using sensory details.
54	explain	解释	make clear how or why something happens	Explain why the bridge collapsed.
55	infer	根据线索推断	work out an unstated idea from clues	We inferred that the character was nervous.
56	predict	预测	say what may happen using information or patterns	Predict what may happen next.
57	analyse	分析	break information into parts and examine relationships	We analysed the two paragraphs.
58	investigate	调查；探究	examine a question carefully to discover facts	The class investigated why one plant grew faster.
59	determine	查明；确定	find out or decide after considering information	We measured the cups to determine which held more.
60	evaluate	评价；评估	judge quality or effectiveness using reasons	The group evaluated each design.
61	clarify	澄清	make an idea or instruction clearer	The teacher clarified the instructions.
62	elaborate	进一步说明	add useful detail or explanation	Priya elaborated on her answer.
63	paraphrase	换句话表达原意	express the same meaning using different words	Paraphrase the sentence in your own words.
64	context	语境	surrounding information that helps explain meaning	Use the context to work out “charge”.
65	clue	线索	information that helps you discover an answer	The wet footprints were a clue.
66	claim	主张；待证实的说法	a statement said to be true that may need support	The article made a claim about the route.
67	assumption	未经充分检查的假设	an idea accepted before it has been fully checked	We assumed the shop was closed.
68	evidence	证据	information used to support or test an idea	Two details provided strong evidence.
69	conclusion	经过推理得出的结论	a judgement reached after thinking about information	We reached a conclusion after three tests.
70	logical	合乎逻辑的	following a sensible relationship or order	Her explanation was logical.
71	viewpoint	观点；立场	a position or way of thinking about an issue	Consider the cyclist’s viewpoint.
72	perspective	看事情的角度	the wider lens through which someone understands a situation	The event looked different from the child’s perspective.
73	reliable	可靠的	able to be trusted repeatedly	We checked a reliable source.
74	justify	用理由或证据支持	give reasons or evidence showing why an answer makes sense	Justify your answer with two details.
75	verify	核实	check carefully that something is true or correct	We verified the date on the official notice.

76–100：关系、系统与变化 | Relationships, Systems & Change

#	Word	中文入口	Simple English meaning	Example
76	influence	影响	affect how something develops or changes	Sunlight influenced the plant’s growth.
77	contribute	贡献；促成	add something that helps produce a result	Everyone contributed one idea.
78	require	需要；要求	need something because it is necessary	The experiment required equal amounts of water.
79	depend	取决于；依靠	be affected or decided by another condition	The picnic will depend on the weather.
80	sufficient	足够的	enough for a particular purpose	We had sufficient string for the model.
81	priority	优先事项	something important that should be dealt with first	Safety was our first priority.
82	benefit	好处；益处	a helpful result or advantage	One benefit of reading is wider vocabulary.
83	drawback	缺点；不利之处	a disadvantage or negative feature	One drawback of the route is the lack of shelter.
84	factor	因素	one of several things that can affect a result	Distance was an important factor.
85	process	过程	a connected series of actions or changes	Learning is a process of trying and improving.
86	function	功能；作用	the purpose or job something performs	The handle’s function is to make carrying easier.
87	structure	结构	the way parts are arranged and connected	We examined the structure of the story.
88	transform	彻底改变；转变	change something greatly in form or condition	Heat transformed the ice into water.
89	preserve	保存；保护	keep something safe or available for the future	The park preserves habitats for wildlife.
90	restore	恢复；修复到原状	bring something back to an earlier or working condition	Workers restored the old clock.
91	prevent	预防；阻止发生	stop something from happening	Drying the floor helped prevent a fall.
92	maintain	维持；保养	keep something in a stable or working condition	Regular cleaning helps maintain the bicycle.
93	impact	较强的影响	a strong effect on a situation	The new route had an impact on travel time.
94	outcome	最终结果	the final result of a process or choice	We discussed each possible outcome.
95	alternative	替代选择	another possible choice, method or route	The hall was an alternative venue.
96	modify	修改；调整一部分	make a controlled change without replacing everything	We modified the design by adding supports.
97	adjust	微调	make a small change so something works better	I adjusted the strap.
98	resource	资源	something useful for completing a task or meeting a need	The library website was a useful resource.
99	condition	条件；状态	a fact or situation that affects what can happen	Seeds grew quickly under warm, moist conditions.
100	interaction	相互作用；互动	an event in which people or things affect one another	The interaction between wind and the sail changed the boat’s direction.

中文翻译最容易造成的6个英语词汇误区

中文可以快速帮助理解，但同一个中文词往往对应多个英文词。真正的词汇能力来自辨析边界。

中文入口	English Fence	关键区别
担心 / 不安	worried → anxious → uneasy → apprehensive	anxious 强调对结果的担心；uneasy 是“感觉不对劲”；apprehensive 是担心将发生不好的事。
看	look → glimpse → gaze → glare → inspect	普通看 / 瞥见 / 凝视 / 怒视或强光 / 有目的地仔细检查。
好	good → suitable / effective / excellent	合适、有效、高质量是不同的“好”。不要全部写成 good。
帮助	help → support → encourage → reassure	一般帮助 / 支持 / 鼓励继续 / 让人因信息或支持而减少担心。
结果	effect → result → outcome	影响造成的结果 / 一般结果 / 过程或选择的最终结果。
改变	adjust → modify → transform	小调整 / 有控制的修改 / 大幅度转变。

这正是 eduKate Fencing Method 的核心用途：不是把近义词当成完全相同，而是找出“为什么这个词更准确”。

词族学习：一个词打开多个相关词 | Word Families

Word family	中文提示	要注意什么
predict → prediction → predictable	预测 → 预测（名词）→ 可预测的	动词、名词、形容词的角色不同
investigate → investigation → investigator	调查 → 调查过程 → 调查者	动作、过程、人物
rely → reliable → reliability	依赖 → 可靠的 → 可靠性	不要只背中文，要看句子需要哪种词性
justify → justification	证明理由充分 → 理由/论证	动词变名词
transform → transformation	转变 → 转变过程/结果	拼写和词性一起变
preserve → preservation	保护保存 → 保护保存的过程	常见于环境、文化、资源等语境
modify → modification	修改 → 修改内容/过程	和 adjust、transform 做 Fencing
responsible → responsibility	负责任的 → 责任	形容词和名词不能互换

华语家庭怎样用这100词？不要只做“英中翻译背诵”

中文进入概念：先用一两句中文确认孩子大致懂这个概念。
回到英文定义：让孩子读并解释简单英文意思。
做 Fencing：比较两个容易混淆的英文词。
学搭配：例如 reliable source, sufficient evidence, reluctant to agree。
学词族：不要把 prediction 当成完全新的词。
隐藏答案做检索：不要一直看着表背。
换语境：把同一个词从英语课迁移到 Science、日常对话或新的阅读文章。
最后才检查拼写：概念、口语理解和拼写可以同时发展，但不要因为暂时拼错就停止词汇理解。

一个15分钟双语词汇练习

时间	学习任务
0–3 分钟	不看表，复习3个旧词。
3–6 分钟	学2个新词：中文入口 + 英文简单定义。
6–9 分钟	比较近义词，做一个 Fencing。
9–12 分钟	读一个新句子或小段落，在语境里判断。
12–15 分钟	关掉答案，用英文说或写一个新的用法。

双语检索与迁移练习 | Retrieval & Transfer

不用看表，解释 uneasy 和 anxious 的差别。
把“看”分成 glimpse / gaze / glare / inspect 四种不同情境。
给一个 claim，再加上 evidence，最后写一个 conclusion。
解释为什么 popular（受欢迎）不一定等于 reliable（可靠）。
用 adjust / modify / transform 描述三种不同程度的改变。
把 benefit / drawback / alternative 用在一个日常选择中。
用 factor / influence / impact / outcome 解释一个 Science 或生活现象。
三天后，不看中文，用英文情境重新检索10个词。

一个重要检查：如果孩子只能看到中文才说出英文，说明“翻译识别”已经建立，但“英文检索”还不够强。下一步应该减少中文提示，而不是增加更多新词。

这页怎样连接完整 Primary 3 Vocabulary Suite？

需要	下一步资源
华语解释帮助孩子进入英文概念	本页：中英双语入口
检查孩子到底弱在哪一种词汇能力	Primary 3 Vocabulary Coverage & Diagnostic Map
建立中阶基础	Primary 3 Intermediate 100
学习高阶辨析、词族与推理词汇	Primary 3 Advanced 100
把词汇放进作文、理解问答和口语	Primary 3 Advanced Vocabulary in Use
知道怎样学习	How to Learn Primary 3 Vocabulary
孩子学了却没有进步	How to Improve Primary 3 Vocabulary
老师、补习老师或家长需要教学流程	How to Teach Primary 3 Vocabulary

常见问题 FAQ

Q1：这100个词是MOE官方规定的“必背词”吗？

不是。这是 eduKate 根据 Primary 3 英语发展需要整理的高效学习词汇。MOE 英语课程强调语言在阅读、写作、听说和语境中的发展，并没有规定本页这100词为官方必背清单。

Q2：孩子需要一次背完100个吗？

不需要。把100词当成学习地图。每次学少量相关词，并不断复习、比较和迁移。

Q3：可以先用中文解释吗？

可以。中文能快速确认概念，但随后要回到英文定义、英文搭配和英文语境，避免孩子永远依赖翻译。

Q4：为什么不能只背“英文=中文”？

因为一个中文词常常对应多个英文近义词，而这些英文词的强度、语气、搭配和使用场景不同。例如“看”不能把 glimpse, gaze, glare, inspect 全部当成完全相同。

Q5：怎样知道孩子真正掌握了一个词？

孩子应该能够：不用照抄定义解释意思；区别近义词；认识词族；使用自然搭配；隔几天后检索出来；并在新的阅读、口语或写作情境中准确使用。

参考与延伸 | Sources & Further Learning

中文可以帮助孩子更快进入概念；真正的目标，是孩子最后不需要中文提示，也能在英语语境中准确理解、检索和使用这个词。

下一步路线：从中文入口回到英语理解、检索与迁移

如果孩子现在…	下一步
需要先知道 Primary 3 到底要发展哪些词汇能力	Primary 3 Vocabulary Coverage & Diagnostic Map
英文基础词义与辨析还不稳定	Primary 3 Intermediate Vocabulary — 100 Words
已经能处理较高阶的词族、语境与推理词汇	Primary 3 Advanced Vocabulary — 100 Words
看到英文词会认，但没有中文提示就说不出来	Receptive vs Productive Vocabulary — 从“会认”到“会用”
学了却总是忘、不会迁移	How to Improve Primary 3 Vocabulary — Diagnose & Repair
想用全英文做诊断与100题压力测试	Primary 3 Advanced Vocabulary Practice Lab
使用美国、英国、澳洲或 Cambridge 的 Grade 3 资料	Grade 3 Vocabulary — International Crosswalk to Singapore Primary 3
已经能够不用中文提示，在新语境中准确使用	Primary 4 Advanced Vocabulary — 下一阶段

双语入口的最终目标，不是让孩子永远依赖翻译，而是逐步减少中文提示，直到英文词能够直接连接概念、语境和实际使用。

eduKate Singapore

小学三年级英语必背单词表？100个高效词汇（中英双语）| Primary 3 English Vocabulary